高中英语倒装句的详细讲解
高中英语倒装句的讲解 1.倒装句的定义：英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。 如果把谓语动词放在主语前面，就叫做倒装。 2. 倒装句的构成 a) 完全倒装 将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，称之为完全倒装。 Are you from here? 你是本地人吗? Now comes the chance. 机会来了。 b) 部分倒装 只将助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，称之为部分倒装。例如： Has he come? 他来了吗? Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here. 我们难得像在这里这么舒服。 Only in this way can we do the work better. 3. 倒装的原因 a) 句子语法结构的需要。例如： Did you attend the meeting? 你参加会议了吗? Long live peace! 和平万岁! b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如： Such were his last words. 他最后的话就是这样。 c)强调的需要。倒装以后，句子更加流畅生动。例如： Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。 Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我们前面有很多困难。 Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。 4. 倒装句的基本用法 a) 构成疑问句(除对主语或主语之定语提问的特殊疑问句外)： When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我们什么时候喝你们的喜酒? Have you seen the film? 你看了那部电影吗? b) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down c) 副词only+状语放在句首时: Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那时他才认识到自己的错误。 Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。 d) 含有否定意义的副词或连词(如little, hardly, never, rarely, no soonerthan等)放在句首时: Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我没有想到他竟能活着回来。 Not until New Years Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能给你礼物。 Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests. 火车刚一进站，我们就跑到卧车那儿去找我们的客人。 e) 副词so或 neither(nor)在句首: He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他对流行歌曲感兴趣，我也如此。 He hasnt been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他没有去过农村，他也不想去那里。 f) 在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首: Thus ended his life. 这样结束了他的生命。 So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him . 他讲话的声音那样大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。 高二英语的语法的知识点 一、过去分词 过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。它在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。这节课讲解作定语、表语的用法。 1. 作定语 作定语的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，一般放在被修饰词的后面。例如： There are many fallen leaves on the ground. This is a book written by a worker. 2. 作表语 过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态。 I was pleased at the news. The door remained locked. 过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，常见的有： delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。 过去分词作表语时，应注意与被动结构的区别。系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点;被动结构强调谓语动作。 The small village is surrounded by trees.(状态) The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(动作) I'm interested in chess.(状态) 3. 过去分词做状语 ①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念。 Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。 Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. 入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。 ②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once. 由于太累了，孩子们马上就睡着了。 Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 受到了讲演的鼓舞，年轻人决定起来从事斗争。 ③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用 if 等词。 Heated, water changes into steam. 如果加热的话，水会变成水蒸气。 Given another chance, he will do better. 再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。 ④表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。 Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。 ⑤表伴随，说明动作发生的背景或情况。 Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom. 被学生包围着，那位老教师走进了教室。 The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs. 教练出现了，身后跟着五条狗。
高中英语倒装句
概念：
用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要, 分为完全倒装和部分倒装.
一.完全倒装： 句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前.此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时.
1.以here, there, now, then等副词或 out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调, 句子要全部倒装, 谓语动词常用come,go, be, lie,run,rush等.
Then came the chairman.
那时总裁来了.
Here is your letter.
你的信.
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹.
Ahead sat an old man.
前面坐着一个老人。.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词, 如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装.
Here he comes. 他来了.
Away they went. 他们走开了.
2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时
A beautiful lake lies at the foot of the hill
At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.
注意：在上述句子中, 如果主语为人称代词, 则主、谓不需要倒装.
In he came and back he went again.
Away he went .
二.部分倒装：be/助动词/情态动词提前到主语的前面.
1.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时, 要进行部分倒装.
Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.
Only after he came back was I able to see him.
注：only修饰主语, 仍用自然语序, 如：Only socialism can save China.
2.否定副词及介词短语的否定词位于句首时.
高考常考的这类词或词语有：never , not, seldom, hardly, little, nowhere, by no means, in no time,on no account, under
no circumstances, in no way等 .
I seldom go to the cinema.
倒装：Seldom do I go to the cinema.
我很少去看电影．
I have never seen such a performance.
倒装：Never have I seen such a performance.
我从来没有看过这样的表演．
In no way do I blame you for what happened.
我绝对没有为发生的事情责怪你。
3.not until 引导的从句位于句首引起的主句部分倒装
He didn’t finish his homework until his mother came back.
倒装：Not until his mother came back did he finish his homework.
直到他的妈妈回来, 他才完成作业.
The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep.
倒装：Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
等到孩子睡着了, 妈妈才离开房间．
注意：当Not until引出主从复合句, 主句倒装, 从句不倒装.
4. So+形容词或副词位于句首要部分倒装
So diligent are the students that they often forgets to eat and sleep.
学生们如此勤奋以致于他们经常废寝忘食。
5.用于so， nor， neither 开头的句子
A、So +be/助动词/情态动词+主语
某人也是如此
Nor/neither +be/助动词/情态动词+主语
某人也不是如此
1). 他喜欢读书, 我也是．
He likes reading very much. So do I .
2). 我从来没有去过广州大学, 他也是．
I have never been to Guangzhou University, neither/ nor has he.
Betty is a nice girl. So she is
B、So +主语+be/助动词/情态动词
某人确实如此
6.在 hardly/scarcely/…when； no sooner…than; not only … but also；so...that; such…that 的倒装句中, 前倒后不倒.
hardly/scarcely/ no sooner后句子的谓语用had done, when/than后句子的谓语用一般过去时
(1) Hardly / Scarcely had he fallen asleep when a loud knock at the door awaked him.
(2) No sooner had I reached the station than the train moved.
(3) Not only is he interested in football but also he plays it well.
(4) So hard does he work that he has made great progress in English.
7. If 虚拟条件从句中.从句有(were/should/had)
1）If I were you, I would work hard.
倒装：Were I you, I would work hard.
2) If it should rain tomorrow, we would put off our meeting.
倒装: Should it rain tomorrow, we would put off our meeting.
3）If he had followed my advice, he would have succeeded.
倒装：Had he followed my advice, he would have succeeded.